Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2022_405
id	caadria2022_405
authors	Onishi, Ryo, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2022
title	A Remote Sharing Method of 3D Physical Objects Using Instance-Segmented Real-Time 3D Point Cloud for Design Meeting
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 395-404
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.2.395
summary	In the field of architecture and urban design, physical models are used in design meetings. Furthermore, teleconferencing via the internet has begun to be widely used in society due to COVID-19 and in preparation for disasters. Although conventional web conferencing can share only 2D information through screens, it is expected that interactive screen sharing of physical objects will enable smoother remote conferencing. A system that can manipulate point clouds in clusters by dividing real-time point clouds captured from 3D real objects by distance has been reported as a way to share physical objects. However, because the point clouds are divided by distance between the two clusters when the point clouds get closer than some threshold, they become treated as a single object. In this study, we aim to develop a system that uses instance segmentation to divide point clouds by region rather than by distance between objects. This system is expected to contribute to the realisation of better architectural and urban design processes without any misunderstandings among the parties involved and to the reduction of unnecessary energy consumption due to travel for face-to-face meetings.
keywords	remote meeting, fast point cloud, instance segmentation, three-dimensional remote sharing, mixed reality, SDG 11, SDG 13
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_065
id	ecaadesigradi2019_065
authors	Fukuda, Tomohiro, Novak, Marcos and Fujii, Hiroyuki
year	2019
title	Development of Segmentation-Rendering on Virtual Reality for Training Deep-learning, Simulating Landscapes and Advanced User Experience
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 433-440
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.433
summary	Virtual reality (VR) has been suggested for various purposes in the field of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC). This research explores new roles for VR toward the super-smart society in the near future. In particular, we propose to develop post-processing rendering, segmentation-rendering and shadow-casting rendering algorithms for novel VR expressions to enable more versatile approaches than the normal photorealistic red, green, and blue (RGB) expressions. We succeeded in applying a wide variety of VR renderings in urban-design projects after implementation. The developed system can create images in real time to train deep-learning algorithms, can also be applied to landscape analysis and contribute to advanced user experience.
keywords	Super-smart society; Virtual Reality; Segmentation; Deep-learning; Landscape simulation; Shader
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:50

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_117
id	ecaadesigradi2019_117
authors	Kido, Daiki, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2019
title	Development of a Semantic Segmentation System for Dynamic Occlusion Handling in Mixed Reality for Landscape Simulation
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 641-648
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.641
summary	The use of mixed reality (MR) for landscape simulation has attracted attention recently. MR can produce a realistic landscape simulation by merging a three-dimensional computer graphic (3DCG) model of a new building on a real space. One challenge with MR that remains to be tackled is occlusion. Properly handling occlusion is important for the understanding of the spatial relationship between physical and virtual objects. When the occlusion targets move or the target's shape changes, depth-based methods using a special camera have been applied for dynamic occlusion handling. However, these methods have a limitation of the distance to obtain depth information and are unsuitable for outdoor landscape simulation. This study focuses on a dynamic occlusion handling method for MR-based landscape simulation. We developed a real-time semantic segmentation system to perform dynamic occlusion handling. We designed this system for use in mobile devices with client-server communication for real-time semantic segmentation processing in mobile devices. Additionally, we used a normal monocular camera for practice use.
keywords	Mixed Reality; Dynamic occlusion handling; Semantic segmentation; Deep learning; Landscape simulation
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_567
id	ecaadesigradi2019_567
authors	Konieva, Kateryna, Joos, Michael Roberto, Herthogs, Pieter and Tunçer, Bige
year	2019
title	Facilitating Communication in a Design Process using a Web Interface for Real-time Interaction with Grasshopper Scripts
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 731-738
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.731
summary	Urban design project development encompasses a wide range of disciplines and approaches, which often have separate goals, frameworks, and software tools. Lack of timely alignment of the disconnected expert inputs to the common vision leads to an increasing number of revisions and decreases chances for finding a compromise solution. We developed an intuitive browser-supported interface in order to incorporate various types of expert inputs and ways of representing the information to take a first step towards facilitating collaborative decision-making processes. The current paper describes the application of the developed tool on three exemplary case studies, where the expert and non-expert users' inputs are combined and analysed using Grasshopper scripts at the back-end. Pilot user studies conducted with professionals have shown that the tool has potential to facilitate collaboration across disciplines and compromise decisions, while most of the participants were still more likely to use it for communication with customers rather than the design team. It suggests that the interaction scheme of different actors with the tool needs to correspond better to the interaction of different actors during common negotiation processes. The findings suggest that the type of involvement of different stakeholders should be explored further in order to find the balance in functionality suitable for different parties.
keywords	computational design; design exploration; collaborative design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:51

_id	caadria2019_194
id	caadria2019_194
authors	LeitÃ£o, AntÃ³nio, Castelo-Branco, Renata and Santos, Guilherme
year	2019
title	Game of Renders - The Use of Game Engines for Architectural Visualization
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 655-664
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.655
summary	Good visualization mechanisms offer architects, and their clients, a better grasp of how their designs are going to turn out when built, and the experience one might have inside the constructions. This also helps the architect orient the design in a more informed manner. However, typically used modeling tools do not offer satisfactory visualization solutions. The operations available to view and navigate through the 3D space are flawed in terms of speed, interactivity, and real-time rendering quality. To solve this issue, we propose the coupling of a portable algorithmic design framework with a Game Engine (GE) to support interactive visualization of architectural models and increase the rendering performance of the framework. We explain in detail this integration, and we evaluate this workflow by implementing a case study and comparing the performance of the GE to architectural modeling tools.
keywords	Algorithmic Design; Game Engine; Interactive Visualization
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:52

_id	acadia19_654
id	acadia19_654
authors	Maierhofer, Mathias; Soana, Valentina; Yablonina, Maria; Erazo, Seiichi Suzuki; Körner, Axel; Knippers, Jan; Menges, Achim
year	2019
title	Self-Choreographing Network
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 654-663
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.654
summary	The aim of this research is to challenge the prevalent separation between (digital) design and (physical) operation processes of adaptive and interactive architectural systems. The linearity of these processes implies predetermined material or kinetic behaviors, limiting performances to those that are predictable and safe. This is particularly restricting with regard to compliant or flexible material systems, which exhibit significant kinetic and thus adaptive potential, but behave in ways that are difficult to fully predict in advance. In this paper we present a hybrid approach: a real-time, interactive design and operation process that enables the (material) system to be self-aware, fully utilizing and exploring its kinetic design space for adaptive purposes. The proposed approach is based on the interaction of compliant materials with embedded robotic agents, at the interface between digital and physical. This is demonstrated in the form of a room-scale spatial architectural robot, comprising networks of linear elastic components augmented with robotic joints capable of sensing and two axis actuation. The system features both a physical instance and a corresponding digital twin that continuously augments physical performances based on simulation feedback informed by sensor data from the robotic joints. With this setup, spatial adaptation and reconfiguration can be designed in real-time, based on an openended and cyber-physical negotiation between numerical, robotic, material, and human behaviors, in the context of a physically deployed structure and its occupants.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	ecaade2023_259
id	ecaade2023_259
authors	Sonne-Frederiksen, Povl Filip, Larsen, Niels Martin and Buthke, Jan
year	2023
title	Point Cloud Segmentation for Building Reuse - Construction of digital twins in early phase building reuse projects
source	Dokonal, W, Hirschberg, U and Wurzer, G (eds.), Digital Design Reconsidered - Proceedings of the 41st Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2023) - Volume 2, Graz, 20-22 September 2023, pp. 327–336
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2023.2.327
summary	Point cloud processing has come a long way in the past years. Advances in computer vision (CV) and machine learning (ML) have enabled its automated recognition and processing. However, few of those developments have made it through to the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. Here, optimizing those workflows can reduce time spent on early-phase projects, which otherwise could be spent on developing innovative design solutions. Simplifying the processing of building point cloud scans makes it more accessible and therefore, usable for design, planning and decision-making. Furthermore, automated processing can also ensure that point clouds are processed consistently and accurately, reducing the potential for human error. This work is part of a larger effort to optimize early-phase design processes to promote the reuse of vacant buildings. It focuses on technical solutions to automate the reconstruction of point clouds into a digital twin as a simplified solid 3D element model. In this paper, various ML approaches, among others KPConv Thomas et al. (2019), ShapeConv Cao et al. (2021) and Mask-RCNN He et al. (2017), are compared in their ability to apply semantic as well as instance segmentation to point clouds. Further it relies on the S3DIS Armeni et al. (2017), NYU v2 Silberman et al. (2012) and Matterport Ramakrishnan et al. (2021) data sets for training. Here, the authors aim to establish a workflow that reduces the effort for users to process their point clouds and obtain object-based models. The findings of this research show that although pure point cloud-based ML models enable a greater degree of flexibility, they incur a high computational cost. We found, that using RGB-D images for classifications and segmentation simplifies the complexity of the ML model but leads to additional requirements for the data set. These can be mitigated in the initial process of capturing the building or by extracting the depth data from the point cloud.
keywords	Point Clouds, Machine Learning, Segmentation, Reuse, Digital Twins
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2023/12/10 10:49

_id	caadria2019_132
id	caadria2019_132
authors	Zhu, Yuehan, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2019
title	Synthesizing 360-Degree Live Streaming for an Erased Background to Study Renovation using Mixed Reality
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 71-80
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.2.071
summary	In a modern society, people spend more time indoors. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) and its effect on occupants' health and comfort has become an important area of study. Many existing building stocks still have huge social, economic, and environmental value. There is a high demand for stock renovation, which gives existing buildings new lives, rather than building new ones. In the early stage of the renovation design, it is essential to achieve a timely feedback process as bring together stakeholders. Introducing Mixed Reality (MR) with Diminished Reality (DR) provides users with an indirect view of the world where some objects have been made invisible which makes it easier to display indoor renovation plans. This paper describes the development of an MR system for architectural designers that integrates DR results into the MR system. Aiming to provide a stable, realistic and real-time DR results for enhancing feedback efficiency during renovation design which can help stakeholders better understand or evaluate the renovation plan.
keywords	building stock renovation; mixed reality (MR); diminished reality (DR); real-time background update
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:57

_id	1920
authors	Riesbeck, C. and Schank, R.C.
year	1989
title	Inside Case-based Reasoning
source	Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
summary	Case-based reasoning, broadly construed, is the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems. An auto mechanic who fixes an engine by recalling another car that exhibited similar symptoms is using case-based reasoning. A lawyer who advocates a particular outcome in a trial based on legal precedents is using case-based reasoning. It has been argued that case-based reasoning is not only a powerful method for computer reasoning, but also a pervasive behavior in everyday human problem solving. Case-based reasoning (CBR) has been formalized as a four-step process:N 1. Retrieve: Given a target problem, retrieve cases from memory that are relevant to solving it. A case consists of a problem, its solution, and, typically, annotations about how the solution was derived. For example, suppose Fred wants to prepare blueberry pancakes. Being a novice cook, the most relevant experience he can recall is one in which he successfully made plain pancakes. The procedure he followed for making the plain pancakes, together with justifications for decisions made along the way, constitutes Fred's retrieved case. 2. Reuse: Map the solution from the previous case to the target problem. This may involve adapting the solution as needed to fit the new situation. In the pancake example, Fred must adapt his retrieved solution to include the addition of blueberries. 3. Revise: Having mapped the previous solution to the target situation, test the new solution in the real world (or a simulation) and, if necessary, revise. Suppose Fred adapted his pancake solution by adding blueberries to the batter. After mixing, he discovers that the batter has turned blue -- an undesired effect. This suggests the following revision: delay the addition of blueberries until after the batter has been ladled into the pan. 4. Retain: After the solution has been successfully adapted to the target problem, store the resulting experience as a new case in memory. Fred, accordingly, records his newfound procedure for making blueberry pancakes, thereby enriching his set of stored experiences, and better preparing him for future pancake-making demands. At first glance, CBR may seem similar to the rule-induction algorithmsP of machine learning.N Like a rule-induction algorithm, CBR starts with a set of cases or training examples; it forms generalizations of these examples, albeit implicit ones, by identifying commonalities between a retrieved case and the target problem. For instance, when Fred mapped his procedure for plain pancakes to blueberry pancakes, he decided to use the same basic batter and frying method, thus implicitly generalizing the set of situations under which the batter and frying method can be used. The key difference, however, between the implicit generalization in CBR and the generalization in rule induction lies in when the generalization is made. A rule-induction algorithm draws its generalizations from a set of training examples before the target problem is even known; that is, it performs eager generalization. For instance, if a rule-induction algorithm were given recipes for plain pancakes, Dutch apple pancakes, and banana pancakes as its training examples, it would have to derive, at training time, a set of general rules for making all types of pancakes. It would not be until testing time that it would be given, say, the task of cooking blueberry pancakes. The difficulty for the rule-induction algorithm is in anticipating the different directions in which it should attempt to generalize its training examples. This is in contrast to CBR, which delays (implicit) generalization of its cases until testing time -- a strategy of lazy generalization. In the pancake example, CBR has already been given the target problem of cooking blueberry pancakes; thus it can generalize its cases exactly as needed to cover this situation. CBR therefore tends to be a good approach for rich, complex domains in which there are myriad ways to generalize a case.
series	other
last changed	2003/04/23 15:14

_id	831d
authors	Seebohm, Thomas
year	1992
title	Discoursing on Urban History Through Structured Typologies
source	Mission - Method - Madness [ACADIA Conference Proceedings / ISBN 1-880250-01-2] 1992, pp. 157-175
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.1992.157
summary	How can urban history be studied with the aid of three-dimensional computer modeling? One way is to model known cities at various times in history, using historical records as sources of data. While such studies greatly enhance the understanding of the form and structure of specific cities at specific points in time, it is questionable whether such studies actually provide a true understanding of history. It can be argued that they do not because such studies only show a record of one of many possible courses of action at various moments in time. To gain a true understanding of urban history one has to place oneself back in historical time to consider all of the possible courses of action which were open in the light of the then current situation of the city, to act upon a possible course of action and to view the consequences in the physical form of the city. Only such an understanding of urban history can transcend the memory of the actual and hence the behavior of the possible. Moreover, only such an understanding can overcome the limitations of historical relativism, which contends that historical fact is of value only in historical context, with the realization, due to Benedetto Croce and echoed by Rudolf Bultmann, that the horizon of "'deeper understanding" lies in "'the actuality of decision"' (Seebohm and van Pelt 1990). One cannot conduct such studies on real cities except, perhaps, as a point of departure at some specific point in time to provide an initial layout for a city knowing that future forms derived by the studies will diverge from that recorded in history. An entirely imaginary city is therefore chosen. Although the components of this city at the level of individual buildings are taken from known cities in history, this choice does not preclude alternative forms of the city. To some degree, building types are invariants and, as argued in the Appendix, so are the urban typologies into which they may be grouped. In this imaginary city students of urban history play the role of citizens or groups of citizens. As they defend their interests and make concessions, while interacting with each other in their respective roles, they determine the nature of the city as it evolves through the major periods of Western urban history in the form of threedimensional computer models. My colleague R.J. van Pelt and I presented this approach to the study of urban history previously at ACADIA (Seebohm and van Pelt 1990). Yet we did not pay sufficient attention to the manner in which such urban models should be structured and how the efforts of the participants should be coordinated. In the following sections I therefore review what the requirements are for three-dimensional modeling to support studies in urban history as outlined both from the viewpoint of file structure of the models and other viewpoints which have bearing on this structure. Three alternative software schemes of progressively increasing complexity are then discussed with regard to their ability to satisfy these requirements. This comparative study of software alternatives and their corresponding file structures justifies the present choice of structure in relation to the simpler and better known generic alternatives which do not have the necessary flexibility for structuring the urban model. Such flexibility means, of course, that in the first instance the modeling software is more timeconsuming to learn than a simple point and click package in accord with the now established axiom that ease of learning software tools is inversely related to the functional power of the tools. (Smith 1987).
series	ACADIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

_id	ecaade2021_038
id	ecaade2021_038
authors	Nakabayashi, Mizuki, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2021
title	Mixed Reality Landscape Visualization Method with Automatic Discrimination Process for Dynamic Occlusion Handling Using Instance Segmentation
source	Stojakovic, V and Tepavcevic, B (eds.), Towards a new, configurable architecture - Proceedings of the 39th eCAADe Conference - Volume 2, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia, 8-10 September 2021, pp. 539-546
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2021.2.539
summary	Mixed reality (MR), which blends real and virtual worlds, has attracted attention as a visualization method in landscape design. MR-based landscape visualization enables stakeholders to examine landscape changes at actual scale in real-time at the actual project site. One challenge in MR-based landscape visualization is occlusion, which occurs when virtual objects obscure physical objects that are in the foreground. Previous research proposed an MR-based landscape visualization method with dynamic occlusion by using semantic segmentation of deep learning. However, this method has two problems. The first is that the same kind of objects that are grouped into one or overlapped types are classified as the same object, and the other is that the foreground objects have to be defined in pre-processing. In this study, we developed a system for large-scale MR landscape visualization that enables the recognition of each physical object individually using instance segmentation, and it is possible to accurately represent the positional relationship by comparing the coordinate information of the 3D virtual model and all physical objects.
keywords	landscape visualization; mixed reality; instance segmentation; dynamic occlusion handling; deep learning
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:59

_id	caadria2023_43
id	caadria2023_43
authors	Onishi, Ryo, Fukuda, Tomohiro and Yabuki, Nobuyoshi
year	2023
title	Remote Sharing System for 3D Real Objects with Point Cloud Reconstruction Using Deep Learning Point Cloud Completion
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 381–390
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.381
summary	Currently, teleconferencing via the internet is widely used in society. However, physical models such as design study models, which are often used in face-to-face meetings in the fields of architecture and urban design, cannot be shared in teleconferences where information is shared on a display. Telepresence is a technology for sharing 3D real objects at a distance that gives the sensation of sharing and experiencing the environment and objects at a remote location. As one such technology, a system has been developed in which the point cloud of a real object acquired by a camera is divided into objects by instance segmentation, and the divided point cloud is transmitted to the remote user, who can manipulate it on mixed reality. There is a problem of missing point clouds in areas not seen by the RGB-D camera, such as occlusion and the back of the camera. This research aims to develop a system that can remotely manipulate point clouds with more accurate geometry by using a point cloud completion technique based on deep learning to complement missing point clouds. This system is expected to contribute to smoother teleconferencing of remote participants.
keywords	Remote meeting, Real-time sharing, Three-dimensional remote sharing, Mixed Reality, Point cloud completion
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_068
id	ecaadesigradi2019_068
authors	Agirbas, Asli
year	2019
title	The Effect of Complex Wall Forms on the Room Acoustics - An experimental case study
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 2, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 97-102
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.2.097
summary	The complexity of the wall form affects the acoustics of the space. In this study, the effect of the complex form walls produced by nCloth dynamic simulation on the acoustics of an office space was investigated. In this research, reverberation time and Speech Transmission Index (STI) values of the pilot office space with one wall having complex form and the office space with all of the walls as flat were measured by acoustic simulation. As a result of the comparison, it has been found that, within speech intelligibility and reverberation time, the acoustics of the space with one wall having complex form is better than the acoustics of the space with all the walls as flat.
keywords	nCloth; Acoustics; Complex forms; Modeling & simulation
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	cf2019_037
id	cf2019_037
authors	Aljammaz, Mohammed ; Tsung-Hsien Wang and Chengzhi Peng
year	2019
title	The influence of Saudi Arabian culture on energy use: Improving the time-use schedules in energy simulation for houses in Riyadh
source	Ji-Hyun Lee (Eds.) "Hello, Culture!" [18th International Conference, CAAD Futures 2019, Proceedings / ISBN 978-89-89453-05-5] Daejeon, Korea, pp. 273-289
summary	Culture influences the way that people act and behave in all societies. In Saudi Arabia, culture and beliefs directly influence the lifestyle and behaviour of its citizens. Culture also impacts on energy usage of buildings, but this factor is often excluded from energy use simulations. A consequence of this is a mismatch between energy prediction and real energy usage. This paper demonstrates how a time-use data (TUD) model can be used to create a more realistic estimate of energy consumption in Saudi Arabia. TUD has been collected through a survey of 300 people living in Riyadh. The performance of the computational TUD model is cross-referenced with empirical data and the outcomes are used to discuss how the TUD model can be applied more effectively in energy use simulations.
keywords	time-use data, energy simulation, energy use prediction, load schedules, occupant behaviours,
series	CAAD Futures
email
last changed	2019/07/29 14:15

_id	acadia19_338
id	acadia19_338
authors	Aviv, Dorit; Houchois, Nicholas; Meggers, Forrest
year	2019
title	Thermal Reality Capture
source	ACADIA 19:UBIQUITY AND AUTONOMY [Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 978-0-578-59179-7] (The University of Texas at Austin School of Architecture, Austin, Texas 21-26 October, 2019) pp. 338-345
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.acadia.2019.338
summary	Architectural surfaces constantly emit radiant heat fluxes to their surroundings, a phenomenon that is wholly dependent on their geometry and material properties. Therefore, the capacity of 3D scanning techniques to capture the geometry of building surfaces should be extended to sense and capture the surfaces’ thermal behavior in real time. We present an innovative sensor, SMART (Spherical-Motion Average Radiant Temperature Sensor), which captures the thermal characteristics of the built environment by coupling laser geometry scanning with infrared surface temperature detection. Its novelty lies in the combination of the two sensor technologies into an analytical device for radiant temperature mapping. With a sensor-based dynamic thermal-surface model, it is possible to achieve representation and control over one of the major factors affecting human comfort. The results for a case-study of a 3D thermal scan conducted in the recently completed Lewis Center for the Arts at Princeton University are compared with simulation results based on a detailed BIM model of the same space.
series	ACADIA
type	normal paper
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	acadia23_v1_196
id	acadia23_v1_196
authors	Bao, Ding Wen; Yan, Xin; Min Xie, Yi
year	2023
title	Intelligent Form
source	ACADIA 2023: Habits of the Anthropocene: Scarcity and Abundance in a Post-Material Economy [Volume 1: Projects Catalog of the 43rd Annual Conference of the Association of Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) ISBN 979-8-9860805-8-1]. Denver. 26-28 October 2023. edited by A. Crawford, N. Diniz, R. Beckett, J. Vanucchi, M. Swackhamer 196-201.
summary	InterLoop employs previously developed workflows that enable multi-planar robotic bending of metal tubes with high accuracy and repeatability (Huang and Spaw 2022). The scale and complexity is managed by employing augmented reality (AR) technology in two capacities, fabrication and assembly (Jahn et al. 2018; Jahn, Newnham, and Berg 2022). The AR display overlays part numbers, bending sequences, expected geometry, and robot movements in real time as the robot fabrication is occurring. For assembly purposes, part numbers, centerlines, and their expected positional relationships are projected via quick response (QR) codes spatially tracked by the Microsoft Hololens 2 (Microsoft 2019). This is crucial due to the length and self-similarity of complex multi-planar parts that make them difficult to distinguish and orient correctly. Leveraging augmented reality technology and robotic fabrication uncovers a novel material expression in tubular structures with bundles, knots, and interweaving (Figure 1).
series	ACADIA
type	project
email
last changed	2024/04/17 13:58

_id	caadria2019_647
id	caadria2019_647
authors	Camacho, Daniel, Dobbs, Tiara, Fabbri, Alessandra, Gardner, Nicole, Haeusler, M. Hank and Zavoleas, Yannis
year	2019
title	Hands On Design - Integrating haptic interaction and feedback in virtual environments for enhanced immersive experiences in design practice.
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 563-572
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.563
summary	The usability of virtual reality (VR) controller interfaces are often complex and difficult for first time users. Most controllers provide minimal feedback which relegates the potential for heightened interaction and feedback within virtual experiences. This research explores how haptic technology systems partnered with VR can deliver immersive interactions between user and virtual environment (VE). This research involves the development of a haptic glove interface prototype that incorporates a force feedback and vibrotactile feedback system. It focuses on determining a workflow that communicates in real-time user interaction and environmental feedback using Unreal Engine and the produced haptic glove system. Testing and calibrating the prototype feedback system provided a baseline for developers to rationalise and improve accuracy of current real-time virtual feedback systems. The evaluation of this research in industry unfolds new technical knowledge for implementing a wider range of haptic technologies within VR. This further development would involve reviewing the usability and interaction standards for VR users in the design process.
keywords	Virtual Environments; Haptic Technologies; Feedback; Interaction; Usability
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:54

_id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
id	ecaadesigradi2019_592
authors	Carvalho, Jo?o, Figueiredo, Bruno and Cruz, Paulo
year	2019
title	Free-form Ceramic Vault System - Taking ceramic additive manufacturing to real scale
source	Sousa, JP, Xavier, JP and Castro Henriques, G (eds.), Architecture in the Age of the 4th Industrial Revolution - Proceedings of the 37th eCAADe and 23rd SIGraDi Conference - Volume 1, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, 11-13 September 2019, pp. 485-492
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.485
summary	The use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) for the production of architectural components has more and more examples attesting the possibilities and the advantages of its application. At the same time we seen a fast grow of the usage of ceramic materials to produce fully customised architectural components using Layer Deposition Modelling (LDM) [1] techniques. However, the use of this material, as paste, leads to a series of constraints relative to its behaviour when in the viscous state, but also in the drying and firing stages. Thus, when ceramic dries, the retraction effects may be a barrier to the regular use of this material to build future architectural systems. In this sense, it is important to study the material behaviour and know how to control and use it as a primary construction material. To do that we present the challenges and outcomes of project Hexashade, a ceramic vault shading system prototype whose geometry and internal structure is defined according to the solar incidence. This paper explain how we expect to build a real scale self-supporting prototype.
keywords	Ceramic 3D printing; Additive Manufacturing; Vaulting Systems; Parametric Design; Performative Design
series	eCAADeSIGraDi
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2021_115
id	caadria2021_115
authors	Chen, Qin Chuan, Lakshmi Narasimhan, Vaishnavi and Lee, Hyunsoo
year	2021
title	The potential of IoT-based smart environment in reaction to COVID-19 pandemic
source	A. Globa, J. van Ameijde, A. Fingrut, N. Kim, T.T.S. Lo (eds.), PROJECTIONS - Proceedings of the 26th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 2, The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Online, Hong Kong, 29 March - 1 April 2021, pp. 709-718
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2021.2.709
summary	COVID-19 was first reported in late December 2019 and quickly become a global health crisis. In the COVID-19 pandemic context, the dense and open characteristics make the public spaces a potential virus transmission hotspot. Therefore, it is extremely critical to adopt a more advanced and effective method in public environments to slow down its spread until a vaccine is widely used. A smart environment in the form of IoT, also known as the architecture of IoT, consists of three layers: perception layer, network layer, and application layer. A smart environment allows data and activities that happen in this environment to be collected, processed, and shared in real-time through various sensors. It can be introduced for early detection, tracking, and monitoring of potential confirmed cases. The smart environment is considered one of the most promising approaches to face and tackle the current scenario. However, research focusing on the potential of IoT smart environment in reaction to COVID-19 is still meager. Therefore, this paper identifies the smart environments potential based on the concept of IoT architectures three layers and further discusses how IoT can be introduced in public spaces to help battle the pandemic.
keywords	Internet of Things; Smart environment; COVID-19
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:55

_id	caadria2019_452
id	caadria2019_452
authors	Choi, Minkyu, Yi, Taeha, Kim, Meereh and Lee, Ji-Hyun
year	2019
title	Land Price Prediction System Using Case-based Reasoning
source	M. Haeusler, M. A. Schnabel, T. Fukuda (eds.), Intelligent & Informed - Proceedings of the 24th CAADRIA Conference - Volume 1, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 15-18 April 2019, pp. 767-774
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2019.1.767
summary	Real estate price prediction is very complex process. Big data and machine learning technology have been introduced in many research areas, and they are also making such an attempt in the real estate market. Although real estate price forecasting studies is actively conducted, using support vector machine, machine learning algorithm, AHP method, and so on, validity and accuracy are still not reliable.In this research, we propose a Case-Based Reasoning system using regression analysis to allocate weight of attributes. This proposed system can support to predict the real estate price based on collecting public data and easily update the knowledge about real estate. Since the result shows error rate less than 30% through the experiment, this algorithm gives better performance than previous one. By this research, it is possible for help decision-makers to expect the real estate price of interested area.
keywords	Artificial intelligence; Case-based reasoning; Land price prediction; Regression
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/06/07 07:56

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