Cumincad : CUMINCAD Papers : Search Results

CumInCAD is a Cumulative Index about publications in Computer Aided Architectural Design
supported by the sibling associations ACADIA, CAADRIA, eCAADe, SIGraDi, ASCAAD and CAAD futures

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_id	caadria2022_277
id	caadria2022_277
authors	Akbar, Zuardin, Wood, Dylan, Kiesewetter, Laura, Menges, Achim and Wortmann, Thomas
year	2022
title	A Data-Driven Workflow for Modelling Self-Shaping Wood Bilayer, Utilizing Natural Material Variations with Machine Vision and Machine Learning
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 393-402
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.393
summary	This paper develops a workflow to train machine learning (ML) models with a small dataset from physical samples to predict the curvatures of self-shaping wood bilayers based on local variations in the grain. In contrast to state-of-the-art predictive models, specifically 1.) a 2D Timoshenko model and 2.) a 3D numerical model with a rheological model, our method accounts for natural and unavoidable material variations. In this paper, we only focus on local grain variations as the main driver for curvatures in small-scale material samples. We extracted a feature matrix from grain images of active and passive layers as a Grey Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and used it as the input for our ML models. We also analysed the impact of grain variations on the feature matrix. We trained and tested several tree-based regression models with different features. The models achieved very accurate predictions for curvatures in each sample (R;0.9) and extend the range of parameters that is incalculable by a Timoshenko model. This research contributes to the material-efficient design of weather-responsive shape-changing wood structures by further leveraging the use of natural material features and explainable data-driven modelling and extends the topic in ML for material behaviour-driven design among the CAADRIA community.
keywords	data-driven model, machine learning, material programming, smart material, timber structure, SDG 12
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ascaad2022_087
id	ascaad2022_087
authors	Mallasi, Zaki
year	2022
title	A Pixels-Based Design Approach for Parametric Thinking in Patterning Dynamic Facades
source	Hybrid Spaces of the Metaverse - Architecture in the Age of the Metaverse: Opportunities and Potentials [10th ASCAAD Conference Proceedings] Debbieh (Lebanon) [Virtual Conference] 12-13 October 2022, pp. 654-673
summary	In today’s Architectural design process, there has been considerable advancements in design computation tools that empowers designer to explore and configure the building façades schemes. However, one could formally argue that some processes are prescribed, lacks automation and are only for the purpose of visualizing the aesthetic design concepts. As a result, these design concept explorations are driven manually to exhibit variations between schemes. To overcome such limitations, the development presented here describes a proactive approach to incorporate parametric design thinking process and Building Information Modeling (BIM). This paper reports on an ongoing development in computational design and its potential application in exploring an interactive façade pattern. The objective is to present the developed approach for exploring façade patterns that responds parametrically to design-performance attractors. Examples of these attractors are solar exposure, interior privacy importance, and aesthetics. It introduces a paradigm-shift in the development of design tools and theory of parameterization in architecture. This work utilizes programming script to manipulate the logic behind placement of faced panels. The placement and sizes for the building facade 3D parametric panels react to variety of Analytical Image Data (AID) as a source for the design-performance data (e.g.: solar exposure, interior privacy importance, and aesthetics). Accordingly, this research developed the PatternGen(c) add-on in Autodesk ® Revit that utilizes a merge (or an overlay) of AID images as a source to dynamically pattern the building façade and generate the facade panels arrangement rules panels on the building exterior. This work concludes by a project case study assessment, that the methodology of applying AID would be an effective dynamic approach to patterning façades. A case-study design project is presented to show the use of the AID pixel-gradient range from Red, Green and Blue as information source value. In light of the general objectives in this study, this work highlights how future designers may shift to a hybrid design process.
series	ASCAAD
email
last changed	2024/02/16 13:29

_id	sigradi2014_128
id	sigradi2014_128
authors	Alves Veloso, Pedro Luís
year	2014
title	Explorando o diagrama de bolhas [Exploring the bubble diagram]
source	SIGraDi 2014 [Proceedings of the 18th Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics - ISBN: 978-9974-99-655-7] Uruguay - Montevideo 12 - 14 November 2014, pp. 115-119
summary	This paper presents an interactive bubble diagram developed to support design exploration. The proposed diagram consists of multiple goal-oriented agents, whose interaction with the user stimulates the analysis and exploration of new spatial patterns. Until now, there are two versions implemented. The first was developed combining scripting language and a graphical editor of algorithms embedded in modeling software. The second was developed with event-driven programming techniques emphasizing functions to amplify the interaction between user and agents. Finally, as the result of this exploratory stage of the research, we propose new paths of development for the next versions of the diagram.
keywords	Architectural design; bubble diagram; graph; interaction
series	SIGRADI
email
last changed	2016/03/10 09:47

_id	caadria2023_178
id	caadria2023_178
authors	Mathur, Praneet
year	2023
title	Creative Impact of an Event-Driven Visual Scripting Tool
source	Immanuel Koh, Dagmar Reinhardt, Mohammed Makki, Mona Khakhar, Nic Bao (eds.), HUMAN-CENTRIC - Proceedings of the 28th CAADRIA Conference, Ahmedabad, 18-24 March 2023, pp. 331–340
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2023.2.331
summary	Computational design is gaining global prominence. With the increase in demand for technologically capable designers, we find more designers understanding computers better, learning programming languages and adapting technologies to fit their needs. This has led to multidisciplinary communities forming around visual scripting tools (VSTs) like Grasshopper3D, Dynamo, etc. These communities consist of many users from creative fields who find it easier to learn a visual scripting language than a programming language. However, function-driven programming and various quirks of these tools delimit their application to a closed spectrum of use-cases. This further limits the users’ capabilities and forces many to hack their way around basic programming language paradigms like loops, event handling, etc. VSTs seem to promote a creative affinity to programming, while also making it more approachable and accessible. To understand the creative impact of a more powerful VST, this paper outlines the development and use of an agnostic event-driven VST - one based on MVVM software architecture and linked list data structures, written entirely in C# (WPF) with minimal dependencies. With features like plugin extensibility and interoperability with 3D software (e.g., Rhinoceros), this new tool is built to aid creative programming driven by events and data. This implies enhanced capabilities for the user and enables interactive computation of data in real-time. User experience inferences are derived from diverse user studies, with a focus on students and professionals in the design and AEC industries. Various parameters and test scenarios are used to objectively assess the impact of enabling event-driven programming for creative use.
keywords	Event-Driven Programming, Visual Programming, Computational Design Tools
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2023/06/15 23:14

_id	6311
authors	Rychter, Zenon
year	1998
title	Event Driven Turtle as Pattern Generator
source	Cyber-Real Design [Conference Proceedings / ISBN 83-905377-2-9] Bialystock (Poland), 23-25 April 1998, pp. 163-176
summary	Computer programming is a powerful exploratory design tool. A simple algorithm can produce results of unexpected complexity, variety, and appeal. By mimicking evolution in nature, rich global states are gradually developed over time by iteration of elementary local rules. Fractal images and life-game simulations are two well known examples. This paper presents a pattern-generating application based on the walking turtle metaphor. The turtle has an intelligence of its own, can be randomly disturbed or directed interactively by the user. Several snapshots are shown of amazingly diverse patterns left by the turtle walking in various modes. Advantages of object-oriented visual programming environments for rapid application development are discussed.
series	plCAD
last changed	1999/04/08 17:16

_id	ecaade2022_234
id	ecaade2022_234
authors	Afsar, Secil, Estévez, Alberto T., Abdallah, Yomna K., Turhan, Gozde Damla, Ozel, Berfin and Doyuran, Aslihan
year	2022
title	Activating Co-Creation Methodologies of 3D Printing with Biocomposites Developed from Local Organic Wastes
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 215–224
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.215
summary	Compared to the take-make-waste-oriented linear economy model, the circular model has been studied since the 1980s. Due to consumption-oriented lifestyles along with having a tendency of considering waste materials as trash, studies on sustainable materials management (SMM) have remained at a theoretical level or created temporary and limited impacts. To ensure SMM supports The European Green Deal, there is a necessity of developing top-down and bottom-up strategies simultaneously, which can be metaphorized as digging a tunnel from two different directions to meet in the middle of a mountain. In parallel with the New European Bauhaus concept, this research aims to create a case study for boosting bottom-up and data-driven methodologies to produce short-loop products made of bio-based biocomposite materials from local food & organic wastes. The Architecture departments of two universities from different countries collaborated to practice these design democratization methodologies using data transfer paths. The 3D printable models, firmware code, and detailed explanation of working with a customized 3D printer paste extruder were shared using online tools. Accordingly, the bio-based biocomposite recipe from eggshell, xanthan gum, and citric acid, which can be provided from local shops, food & organic wastes, was investigated concurrently to enhance its printability feature for generating interior design elements such as a vase or vertical gardening unit. While sharing each step from open-source platforms with adding snapshots and videos allows further development between two universities, it also makes room for other researchers/makers/designers to replicate the process/product. By combining modern manufacturing and traditional crafting methods with materials produced with DIY techniques from local resources, and using global data transfer platforms to transfer data instead of products themselves, this research seeks to unlock the value of co-creative design practices for SMM.
keywords	Sustainable Materials Management, Co-Creation, Food Waste, 3D Printing, New European Bauhaus
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ecaade2022_270
id	ecaade2022_270
authors	Akcay Kavakoglu, Aysegul, Almac, Bihter, Eser, Begum and Alacam, Sema
year	2022
title	AI Driven Creativity in Early Design Education - A pedagogical approach in the age of Industry 5.0
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 133–142
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.133
summary	This study presents a pedagogical experiment on the integration of AI into the project studio in the early stages of design education. The motivation of the study is to support creative encounters in design studios by promoting student-design representation, student-student, and student-artificial intelligence (AI) interaction. In the scope of this study, a short-term studio project is used as a case study to examine these creative encounters. The experiment covers five stages that enable a recursive analysis-synthesis action. The stages include (i) precedent analysis of a given set of building façades images, (ii) feature extraction, (iii) composing new façade representations through employing previously generated features, (iv) training an AI by the use of styleGAN2-ADA with the outcomes of stage 3, (v) Use of synthetically generated façade images as a design driver. The pedagogical experiment is evaluated through the lenses of novelty, style, surprisingness, and complexity concepts. The challenges and potentials are introduced, as well as elaborations on the future directions of the interplay between AI-oriented making and first-year student making.
keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Computational Creativity, Design Education, StyleGAN2-ADA
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ijac202220108
id	ijac202220108
authors	Alsalman, Osama; Halil Erhan
year	2022
title	D-ART for collaboration in evaluating design alternatives
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 1, pp. 114–128
summary	Evaluating design ideas is an integral part of designing built environments. It involves multiple stakeholders with diverse backgrounds reviewing design solutions by studying their form and performance data. Although there are computational systems for supporting evaluation tasks, they are either highly specialised for designers or configured for a particular workflow with limited functions. We developed a Design Analytics method aiming at a collaborative and data-driven evaluation of alternatives in the design-evaluate-feedback cycle. Adopting this approach, we introduce D-ART as a prototype system composed of customisable Web interfaces for presenting design alternatives, enabling stakeholders to participate in data-informed discourse on alternatives and providing feedback to the design team. Its system design considers requirements gathered through literature review, critical analysis of the existing systems and collaboration with our industry partners. Finally, we assessed D-ART’s design through an expert review evaluation, which generally reported positive results on the system’s goals.
keywords	Data-driven design, participatory design, design analytics, design alternatives, visual analytics, design evaluation
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	cdrf2022_293
id	cdrf2022_293
authors	Amal Algamdey, Aleksander Mastalski, Angelos Chronis, Amar Gurung, Felipe Romero Vargas, German Bodenbender, and Lea Khairallah
year	2022
title	AI Urban Voids: A Data-Driven Approach to Urban Activation
source	Proceedings of the 2022 DigitalFUTURES The 4st International Conference on Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication (CDRF 2022)
doi	https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8637-6_26
summary	With the development of digital technologies, big urban data is now readily available online. This opens the opportunity to utilize new data and create new relationships within multiple urban features for cities. Moreover, new computational design techniques open a new portal for architects and designers to reinterpret this urban data and provide much better-informed design decisions. The “AI Urban Voids'' project is defined as a data-driven approach to analyze and predict the strategic location for urban uses in the addition of amenities within the city. The location of these urban amenities is evaluated based on predictions and scores followed by a series of urban analyses and simulations using K-Means clustering. Furthermore, these results are then visualized in a web-based platform; likewise, the aim is to create a tool that will work on a feedback loop system that constantly updates the information. This paper explains the use of different datasets from Five cities including Melbourne, Sydney, Berlin, Warsaw, and Sao Paulo. Python, Osmx libraries and K-means clustering open the way to manipulate large data sets by introducing a collection of computational processes that can override traditional urban analysis.
series	cdrf
email
last changed	2024/05/29 14:02

_id	sigradi2022_24
id	sigradi2022_24
authors	Aroca Vega, Cristian; Rozas Valenzuela, Sebastián
year	2022
title	Soft Architecture: Application of Soft Robotics in the Design of Responsive-Interactive Architecture
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 373–384
summary	The main objective of this research is to develop a method that can integrate responsive and interactive architecture through the application of soft robotics on a façade. To achieve this objective, a review of the main concepts, adaptive architecture (responsive-interactive) and soft robotics was first carried out. Secondly, recent studies and research that speak of the application of soft robotics in architecture are analyzed. With the knowledge acquired in the analyzes and reference studies, together with the help of programming and computational design tools, a scalable physical prototype was developed that manages to integrate both types of adaptive behaviors (responsive-interactive) in a single hybrid robotic system (soft-rigid), demonstrating the potential of soft robotics in architecture, in this case being applied to be sensitive and act on changes in temperature produced by solar radiation.
keywords	Robotics, Generative Design, Adaptive architecture, Sustainable Design, Soft
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:55

_id	ecaade2022_85
id	ecaade2022_85
authors	Ataman, Cem, Herthogs, Pieter, Tuncer, Bige and Perrault, Simon
year	2022
title	Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Digital Participation - A framework to evaluate participation in urban design processes
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 401–410
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.401
summary	Data-driven urban design processes consist of iterative actions of many stakeholders, which require digital participatory approaches for collecting data from a high number of participants to make informed decisions. It is important to evaluate such processes to justify the necessary costs and efforts while continuously improving digital participation. Nevertheless, such evaluation remains a challenge due to the involvement of different stakeholders including participants, designers, and policymakers in decision-making processes, and the lack of a systematic method to generalize participation outputs that are mostly situated and context based. By addressing this challenge, this paper introduces a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) based framework to measure the effectiveness and quality of digital participation systematically and quantitatively. To achieve such evaluation, we conducted a digital participation experiment and investigated such processes with the help of participants, designers, and policymakers from Singapore and Hamburg. By formulating this framework, we aim to reveal perspectives of different stakeholders towards digital participation and enable the evaluation and comparison of digital participation processes based on the introduced digital participation criteria.
keywords	Data-Driven Urban Design, Digital Participation, Stakeholder Involvement, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), Participation Quantification
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	sigradi2022_211
id	sigradi2022_211
authors	Baltazar, Ana Paula; Bartholo, Beatriz; Moritani, Gustavo Jun; Paiva, Luísa; Cabral Filho, José
year	2022
title	Technological appropriations for socio-spatial transformation in Sao Gonçalo do Baçao
source	Herrera, PC, Dreifuss-Serrano, C, Gómez, P, Arris-Calderon, LF, Critical Appropriations - Proceedings of the XXVI Conference of the Iberoamerican Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2022), Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, 7-11 November 2022 , pp. 847–856
summary	Based on a university teaching-research-extension experience in Sao Gonçalo do Baçao (Minas Gerais, Brazil), this article discusses the use of digital technology as a way to expand the virtual, understood as an event in latent state, as a process of problematization and not of problem solving. Three digital interfaces developed with the common goal of encouraging questioning and the exercise of autonomy from different approaches and themes are presented. The interfaces seek to articulate the Flusserian idea of 'responsibility', regarded as the act of responding to others in a way that promotes an opening for people to continue the design process dialogically. In short, the interfaces indicate possibilities provided by digital technologies and exemplify ways in which they might drive processes towards social-spatial transformation.
keywords	Interactions, Technological appropriations, Sintegrity, Socio-spatial transformation, Sao Gonçalo do Baçao
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2023/05/16 16:57

_id	sigradi2023_508
id	sigradi2023_508
authors	Barber, Gabriela and Lafluf, Marcos
year	2023
title	Videomapping laboratory. Systematization of experiences 2016-2022
source	García Amen, F, Goni Fitipaldo, A L and Armagno Gentile, Á (eds.), Accelerated Landscapes - Proceedings of the XXVII International Conference of the Ibero-American Society of Digital Graphics (SIGraDi 2023), Punta del Este, Maldonado, Uruguay, 29 November - 1 December 2023, pp. 843–854
summary	This article synthesizes the result of a systematization and analysis of videomapping carried out in “Laboratorio de Visualización Digital Avanzada” in the period 2014-2022, taking as a source the information collected in the investigation "(Lafluf, 2020), it is updated by integrating new experiences and new interpretations. Likewise, the article aims to provide a structured way to describe and analyze videomapping projects, keeping in mind three axes: context project, mapping project, and mapping event. These categories refer to a strategy developed within the methodological framework of the master's thesis "Videomapping en los proyectos del Laboratorio de Visualización Digital Avanzada de la Facultad de Arquitectura Diseno y Urbanismo (Udelar). Caso de estudio: Videomapping Patrimonio Anglo" (Lafluf, 2020) as well as in other investigations to describe the videomapping. Once this set of videomapping projects has been presented, general considerations are made to analyze the surveyed cases.
keywords	New Media Art, video mapping, New Media, Architecture, Projection Mapping
series	SIGraDi
email
last changed	2024/03/08 14:07

_id	ecaade2022_450
id	ecaade2022_450
authors	Braumann, Johannes, Gollob, Emanuel and Singline, Karl
year	2022
title	Visual Programming for Interactive Robotic Fabrication Processes - Process flow definition in robotic fabrication
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 2, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 427–434
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.2.427
summary	Visual, flow-based programming environments in architecture and design are built to control data flow but not process flow. However, controlling the process flow is essential for interacting with robotic fabrication processes, so that they can react to input such as user interaction or sensor data. In this research, we combine two visual programming environments, utilizing Grasshopper for defining complex, robotic toolpaths, and Unity Visual Scripting for controlling the overall process flow and process interaction. Through that, we want to enable architects and designers to define more complex, interactive production processes, with accessible, bespoke user-interfaces allowing non-experts to operate these processes - a crucial step for the commercialization of innovations. This approach is evaluated in a case study that creates a mobile, urban microfactory that prototypically fabricates location-specific objects through additive manufacturing.
keywords	Visual Programming, State Machine, Industrial Robotics, Unity Visual Scripting
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ecaade2022_249
id	ecaade2022_249
authors	Carrasco Hortal, Jose, Hernandez Carretero, Sergi, Abellan Alarcon, Antonio and Bermejo Pascual, Jorge
year	2022
title	Algae, Gobiidae Fish and Insects that inspire Coastal Custodian Entities - Digital models for a real-virtual space using TouchDesigner
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 361–370
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.361
summary	At the beginning of the twenty-first century, a discipline at the intersection of digital art and science explores how natural and artificial species are affected, coexist, and feed back to humans based on multi-scalar hybrid models. They embody types of surveillance entities or non-human custodians, and serve as inspiration for another generation of designs produced ten years later, the case studies that are presented here. This paper explains the design and parametric fundamentals of a digital architecture installation at the University of Alicante (Spain 2021) using CNC models and the TouchDesigner programming environment. The installation contains a clan of technological-virtual hybrid species, non-human custodians, which: (a) strengthen the Proposal’s discourse on the recognition of legal identity of the Mar Menor lagoon (Southeast Spain); (b) incorporate reactive designs; (c) help raise awareness of the effect of human actions on the lagoon’s ecology and nearby streams. The viewpoint is not anthropocentric, because it adopts the perspective of the foraging fish species or the oxygen-seeking algae species, among others, in order to reveal the deterioration processes. In most cases, the result is a sort of synaesthetic conversation that interweaves light, sound, movement and data.
keywords	Human-Machine Interaction, TouchDesigner, Non-Human Custodian, Responsive Interface, Ethnography of Things
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	ijac202220310
id	ijac202220310
authors	Castro Henriques, Goncalo; Pedro Maciel Xavier; Victor de Luca Silva; Luca Rédua Bispo; Joao Victor Fraga
year	2022
title	Computation for Architecture, hybrid visual and textual language: Research developments and considerations about the implementation of structural imperative and object-oriented paradigms
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 3, pp. 673–687
summary	In the fourth industrial revolution, programming promises to be a fundamental subject like mathematics, science, languages or the arts. Architects design more than buildings developing innovative methods and they are among the pioneers in visual programming development. However, after more than 10 years of visual programming in architecture, despite the fast-learning curve, visual programming presents considerable limitations to solve complex problems. To overcome limitations, the authors propose to associate the advantages of visual and textual languages in Python. The article addresses an ongoing research study to implement Computational Methods in Architectural Education. The authors began by describing the general goal of this project, and of this article in particular. This article focuses on the implementation of two disciplines ‘Computation for Architecture in Python’ I and II. The first discipline uses programming based on the construction of functions in the imperative language, implemented in the text editor, in visual programming, using Grasshopper methods. The second discipline, which is under development, intends to teach object-oriented programming. The results of the first discipline are encouraging; despite reported difficulties in programming fundamentals, such as lists, loops and recursion. The development of the second discipline, in object-oriented programming, deals with the concepts of classes and objects, and more abstract principles such abstraction, inheritance, polymorphism or encapsulation. This paradigm allows building robust programs, but requires a more in-depth syntax. The article reports this ongoing research on this new paradigm of object-oriented language, expanding the application of a hybrid visual-textual language in Architecture
keywords	computation, textual programming, visual programming, imperative programming, object oriented programming
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:30

_id	ijac202220205
id	ijac202220205
authors	Charitonidou, Marianna
year	2022
title	Urban scale digital twins in data-driven society: Challenging digital universalism in urban planning decision-making
source	International Journal of Architectural Computing 2022, Vol. 20 - no. 2, pp. 238–253
summary	The article examines the impact of the virtual public sphere on how urban spaces are experienced andconceived in our data-driven society. It places particular emphasis on urban scale digital twins, which arevirtual replicas of cities that are used to simulate environments and develop scenarios in response to policyproblems. The article also investigates the shift from the technical to the socio-technical perspective withinthe field of smart cities. Despite the aspirations of urban scale digital twins to enhance the participation ofcitizens in the decision-making processes relayed to urban planning strategies, the fact that they are based on alimited set of variables and processes makes them problematic. The article aims to shed light on the tensionbetween the real and the ideal at stake during this process of abstracting sets of variables and processes in thecase of urban scale digital twins
keywords	Data-driven society, urban scale digital twins, digital universalism, democracy, big data, cyber–physical–social ecosystems, sovereignty, socio-technical perspective, smart cities, mobility justice, data-driven decisionmaking
series	journal
last changed	2024/04/17 14:29

_id	ecaade2022_125
id	ecaade2022_125
authors	Chen, Emily, Lu, Glenn, Barnik, Lyric and Correa, David
year	2022
title	Fast and Reversible Bistable Hygroscopic Actuators for Architectural Applications Based on Plant Movement Strategies
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 261–270
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.261
summary	Plant movement is of great inspiration for the development of actuators in architectural applications. Since plants lack muscles, they have developed unique hygroscopic mechanisms that use specialized tissue to generate movement in response to stimuli such as touch, light, temperature, or gravity. Most research in architecture has been focused on the stress-induced bending that can be achieved with a bilayer structure – particularly using wood composites and bi-metals. The speed of these mechanisms is mostly limited by the rules of bilayers, as described by Timoshenko, and the speed of moisture/heat diffusion. This paper presents methods to use bistable mechanisms, and their elastic instability, to enable rapid movements of “snap-through” buckling that can greatly improve the speed of transformation. The research covers biomimetic studies on the Mimosa pudica, Oxalis triangularis, and the Maranta leuconeura to develop hygroscopic mechanisms whose kinematic actuation can be amplified through the integration of a bi- stable system. The presented mechanisms make it possible to significantly increase the speed of response of the hygroscopically driven mechanism while maintaining the ability to operate over several reversible cycles. Calibration of the mechanism to specific relative humidity conditions is presented together with some initial prototypes with the potential for manual override strategies. It is the aim of this combined approach that the actuation mechanisms are better able to match users’ expectations of fast shape-change actuation in relation to environmental changes.
keywords	Stimulus-Responsive, Biomimetics, Hygroscopic, Elastic Instability, Actuators
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

_id	caadria2022_522
id	caadria2022_522
authors	Cheng, Sifan, Leung, Carson Ka Shut and van Ameijde, Jeroen
year	2022
title	Evaluating the Accessibility of Amenities toward Walkable Neighourhoods: an Integrated Method for Testing Alternatives in a Generative Urban Design Process
source	Jeroen van Ameijde, Nicole Gardner, Kyung Hoon Hyun, Dan Luo, Urvi Sheth (eds.), POST-CARBON - Proceedings of the 27th CAADRIA Conference, Sydney, 9-15 April 2022, pp. 495-504
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.caadria.2022.1.495
summary	Studies have shown that walkable communities reduce traffic-related pollution and the risk of chronic illnesses, promote economic growth and prosperity, and stimulate community participation and the growth of social capital. To assess the walkability of urban areas, various methodologies have been developed around shortest-distance calculations between various points of interest (POIs), yet their outcomes do not guide potential urban design improvements. The absence of appropriate measurements and procedures that may give quantitative and actionable feedback to support design decision-making is one of the primary issues in building walkable neighborhoods. The work presented in this paper revolves around a new workflow, that employed Urbano, a mobility simulation and assessment tool, and integrated it within a generative design process to allowing for the quantitative evaluation on amenity accessibility for several alternative design scenarios for a case study site in Mong Kok, Hong Kong. The results show how this data-driven urban design process benefits from generative techniques to produce solutions with improved contextual connectivity, energy-efficient urban form, and good quality public spaces that contribute to the walkability of neighbourhoods.
keywords	Generative Urban Design, Walkability, Urbano, SDG 3, SDG 11
series	CAADRIA
email
last changed	2022/07/22 07:34

_id	ecaade2022_171
id	ecaade2022_171
authors	Daher, Elie, Kubicki, Sylvain and Pak, Burak
year	2022
title	Propositions for Enabling Participation in Performance-Driven Design
source	Pak, B, Wurzer, G and Stouffs, R (eds.), Co-creating the Future: Inclusion in and through Design - Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe 2022) - Volume 1, Ghent, 13-16 September 2022, pp. 421–430
doi	https://doi.org/10.52842/conf.ecaade.2022.1.421
summary	In Performance-Driven Design, it is challenging for different stakeholders such as the end-users to participate in the co-designing process. Performance-driven design requires complex algorithmic calculations, simulations, and optimizations. These computational functionalities enabled for this design process lack of transparency and can be sometimes complicated to understand. Therefore, the current applications of Performance-Driven Design contradict the participatory design where social interactions are considered as important steps to produce desirable and accepted design outcomes. In this context, the main aim of this study reported in this paper based on a 4-years PhD thesis at Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology and KU Leuven, is to address research methods suitable for enabling higher levels of participation in Performance-Driven Design and thus to provide recommendations and guidelines.
keywords	Performance-Driven Design, Participation Design Process, Architectural Design, Performance and Requirements Modeling
series	eCAADe
email
last changed	2024/04/22 07:10

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