id |
ijac20086403 |
authors |
Lim, Sungwoo; Prats, Miquel; Jowers, Iestyn; Chase, Scott; Garner, Steve; McKay, Alison |
year |
2008 |
title |
Shape Exploration in Design: Formalising and Supporting a Transformational Process |
source |
International Journal of Architectural Computing vol. 6 - no. 4, 415-433 |
summary |
The process of sketching can support the sort of transformational thinking that is seen as essential for the interpretation and reinterpretation of ideas in innovative design. Such transformational thinking, however, is not yet well supported by computer-aided design systems. In this paper, outcomes of experimental investigations into the mechanics of sketching are described, in particular those employed by practicing architects and industrial designers as they responded to a series of conceptual design tasks. Analyses of the experimental data suggest that the interactions of designers with their sketches can be formalised according to a finite number of generalised shape rules. A set of shape rules, formalising the reinterpretation and transformations of shapes, e.g. through deformation or restructuring, is presented. These rules are suggestive of the manipulations that need to be afforded in computational tools intended to support designers in design exploration. Accordingly, the results of the experimental investigations informed the development of a prototype shape synthesis system, and a discussion is presented in which the future requirements of such systems are explored. |
series |
journal |
full text |
file.pdf (937,676 bytes) |
references |
Content-type: text/plain
|
Agarwal, M.and Cagan, J. (1998)
A blend of different tastes:the language of coffeemakers
, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 1998, 25(2), 205–226
|
|
|
|
Brown, K.N., McMahon, C.A.and Sims Williams, J.H. (1996)
Describing process plans as the formal semantics of a language of shape
, Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 1996, 10(2), 153–169
|
|
|
|
Candy, L.and Edmonds, E. (1996)
Creative design of the Lotus bicycle: implications for knowledge support systems research
, Design Studies, 1996, 17(1), 71–90
|
|
|
|
Chase, S.C.and Ahmad, S. (2005)
Grammar Transformation:Using Composite Grammars to Understand Hybridity in Design, With an Example from Medieval Islamic Courtyard Buildings
, Martens, B.and Brown, A.eds, Learning From the Past - A Foundation for the Future, Österreichischer Kunstund Kulturverlag, Vienna, 2005, 89–98
|
|
|
|
Chau, H.H., Chen, X., McKay, A., and de Pennington, A. (2004)
Evaluation of a 3D shape grammar implementation
, First International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC’04), 2004, 357–376
|
|
|
|
Cross, N. (1994)
Engineering Design Methods: Strategies for Product Design
, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK
|
|
|
|
Cross, N. (1997)
Descriptive models of creative design:application to an example
, Design Studies, 1997, 18(4), 427–455
|
|
|
|
Cross, N. (2003)
The Expertise of Exceptional Designers
, Cross, N.and Edmonds, E., eds, Expertise in Design, Creativity and Cognition Press:Sydney, Australia, 2003, 23–35
|
|
|
|
Goel, V. (1995)
Sketches of Thought
, MIT Press, Cambridge MA
|
|
|
|
Goldschmidt, G. (1994)
On visual design thinking:the vis kids of architecture
, Design Studies, 1994.15(2), 158–174
|
|
|
|
Jowers, I., Prats, M., Lim, S., McKay, A., Garner, S., and Chase, S. (2008)
Supporting Reinterpretation in Computer-Aided Conceptual Design
, Fifth Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modelling, Annecy, France
|
|
|
|
Jowers, I. (2006)
Computation with Curved Shapes:Towards Freeform Shape Generation in Design
, Thesis, PhD Thesis, The Open University, Milton Keynes
|
|
|
|
Knight, T. (2003)
Computing with emergence
, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 2003.30(1), 125–155
|
|
|
|
Koning, H.and Eizenberg, J. (1981)
The language of the prairie - Frank Lloyd Wright’s Prairie Houses
, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 1981, 8(3), 295–323
|
|
|
|
Krstic, D. (2005)
Shape decompositions and their algebras
, Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing (AI EDAM), 2005, 19(4), 261–276
|
|
|
|
Lim, S., Lee, B.S.and Duffy, A. (2001)
Incremental modelling of ambiguous geometric ideas (I-MAGI)
, International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering, 2001, 15(2), 93–108
|
|
|
|
Lim, S., Prats, M., Chase, S., and Garner, S. (2008)
Categorisation of designs according to preference values for shape rules
, Gero, J.S., eds, Design Computing and Cognition (DCC’08), Springer, Atlanta Georgia, USA
|
|
|
|
Lim, S., Qin, S.F., Prieto, P., Wright, D., and Shackleton, J. (2004)
A study of sketching behaviour to support free-form surface modelling from on-line sketching
, Design studies, 2004, 25(4), 393–413
|
|
|
|
McCormack, J.P., Cagan, J.and Vogel, C.M. (2004)
Speaking the Buick language: capturing, under-standing and exploring brand identity with shape grammars
, Design Studies, 2004, 25(1), 1–29
|
|
|
|
Mckay, A., Jowers, I., Chau, H.H., De Pennington, A., and Hogg, D.C. (2008)
Computer aided design:an early shape synthesis system
, International Conference in Advanced Engineering Design And Manufacture (ICADAM), Sanya, China
|
|
|
|
last changed |
2009/03/03 07:48 |
|